Yintoni injongo yemitosis?
Iseli lelona candelo lusebenzayo olusebenzayo oluqhuba Umsebenzi webhayoloji Yonke into ukusuka kubhakteria kunye nefungi ukuya kwiminenga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nemithi ebomvu ebomvu. Ezi zinto zinamandla, zintsokothileyo, kodwa zenziwe ngemicroscopic ziphumeza ukukhula kunye nokuvuselelwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezininzi nge-mitosis, inkqubo ephawulekayo eguqula iseli ibe ziiseli ezimbini.
Inkcazo echanekileyo
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo injongo ye mitosis kuxhomekeke kwintsingiselo oyifaka kule kota. I-Mitosis ihlala ixoxwa ngokubanzi njengegama elifanayo ukwahlulwa kweseli. Ngale ndlela, mitosis yiyo inkqubo apho iseli iphinde ivelise kwakhona ukwenza iseli yentombazana efanayo.
Inkcazo echanekileyo yezobuchwephesha ye-mitosis yinkqubo apho i-nucleus iziphindaphinda kwaye yahlulahlula ibe zii-nuclei ezimbini kunye neekopi ezichanekileyo zemathiriyeli yemfuza.
Isiseko esitsha
I-Mitosis, ngokwenkcazo echanekileyo, inezigaba ezine eziphambili: iprophase, metaphase, anaphase, kunye ne-telophase. Izigaba ezithathu zokuqala ikakhulu zichaphazela ukwahlulwa nokulungiswa kwe chromosomes ezaziphindaphindwe ngexesha le-interphase, eyandulela i-mitosis.
IiChromosomes ziimolekyuli ezinde eziqulathe ulwazi lwemfuza njenge-deoxyribonucleic acid, eyaziwa njengeDNA.
Ngexesha telophase Iifom ye-nucleus entsha ejikeleze iseti nganye ye-chromosomes, ekhokelela kwi-nuclei ezimbini ezifanayo. I-Mitosis iqala ukwenzeka kwinkqubo yokwahlulwa kweseli kuba iseli entsha ayinakuphila ngaphandle komongo oqulathe ulwazi lofuzo olubalulekileyo kulawulo lwemisebenzi yeselula.
Iseli enye, iiseli ezimbini
Ukwahlulwa kweseli kuqala nge-mitosis kwaye kuphele nge-cytokinesis, apho ulwelo lweselfowuni, olubizwa ngokuba yi-cytoplasm, lwahlulahlulwe lube ziiseli ezimbini ezijikeleze i-nuclei ezimbini ezenziwe ngexesha le-mitosis.
Kwiiseli zezilwanyana, i-cytokinesis yenzeka njengenkqubo ecothayo ethi ekugqibeleni icinezele iseli yomzali omnye kumacandelo amabini. Kwiiseli ezityalwayo, i-cytokinesis ifezekiswa yipleyiti yeselfowuni eyenzeka embindini weseli kwaye ekugqibeleni yahlulwe yaziiseli ezimbini.
Akukho Nucleus, akukho mitosis
Inkcazo echanekileyo ye-mitosis njengecandelo lenyukliya kunokwahlulwa ngokubanzi kweselula kunceda ukucacisa indawo ebalulekileyo-i-mitosis isebenza kuphela kwiiseli ze-eukaryotic. Zonke iiseli ziwela kumanqanaba amabini abanzi: iprokaryotic kunye ne-eukaryotic. Iibhaktheriya kunye nezidalwa ezineseli enye eyaziwa ngokuba yi-archaea ziiseli zeprokaryotic, kwaye izinto ezinje ngezityalo, izilwanyana kunye nefungi zineeseli ze-eukaryotic.
Omnye wokwahlula umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini zeeseli kubukho bentloko: iiseli ze-eukaryotic zinomxholo owahlukileyo, kwaye iiseli zeprokaryotic azinjalo. Ngenxa yoko, i-mitosis ayinakusebenza kwisahlulo seprokaryotic yeseli, ekubhekiswa kuyo njenge-cleavage yokubini.
Iziqulatho