KwiTestamente eNtsha yeBhayibhile, amaSamariya kuthethwa ngawo rhoqo. Umzekelo, umzekeliso womSamariya olungileyo ovela kuLuka. Ibali likaYesu nomfazi ongumSamariya emthonjeni wamanzi ovela kuYohane liyaziwa.
AmaSamariya namaJuda ukususela ngexesha likaYesu babengavisisani. Imbali yamaSamariya ibuyela emva kubunini boBukhosi boMantla bakwa-Israeli, emva koGxothi.
Umvangeli, uLuka, ukhankanya amaSamariya rhoqo, nakwivangeli yakhe nakwiZenzo. UYesu uthetha kakuhle ngamaSamariya.
AmaSamariya
Ebhayibhileni kwaye ngakumbi kwiTestamente eNtsha, amaqela ahlukeneyo abantu afika, umzekelo, abaFarisi nabaSadusi, kodwa namaSamariya. Ngoobani la maSamariya? Iimpendulo ezahlukeneyo zinokubakho kulo mbuzo. Ezintathu zixhaphake kakhulu; amaSamariya njengabahlali bendawo ethile, njengeqela lobuhlanga, kunye neqela lenkolo (Meier, 2000).
AmaSamariya njengabahlali bommandla othile
Umntu unokuchaza amaSamariya ngokwendawo. AmaSamariya ke ngabantu abahlala kwindawo ethile, eyiSamariya. Ngexesha likaYesu, leyo yayingummandla osemantla kwelakwaYuda nakumazantsi eGalili. Yayikwintshona yoMlambo iYordan.
Ikomkhulu laloo ndawo ngaphambili lalibizwa ngokuba yiSamariya. UKumkani uHerode Omkhulu waphinda wasakha esi sixeko ngenkulungwane yokuqala ye-BC. Ngo-30 AD, isixeko sanikwa igama elithi ‘Sebaste’ ngeenjongo zokunika imbeko kumlawuli waseRoma uAgasto. Fumana Sebaste inkcazo yegama lokuqala phezu Facebook
AmaSamariya njengohlanga
Umntu unokubona amaSamariya njengeqela labantu. Emva koko amaSamariya aphuma kubemi bobukumkani basentla bakwaSirayeli. Ngonyaka wama-722 BC, inxenye yabemi baloo ndawo yagxothwa eAsiriya eLubhacweni. Abanye abaphambukeli bathunyelwa kummandla ojikeleze iSamariya ngama-Asiriya. AmaSirayeli aseleyo kumantla akwaSirayeli axubana naba bafikayo. AmaSamariya ke avela koku.
Ngexesha likaYesu, indawo ejikeleze iSamariya inabantu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo. AmaJuda, inzala yama-Asiriya, amaBhabheli, kunye nenzala yaboyisi bamaGrike ukusukela ngexesha lika-Alesandire Omkhulu (356 - 323 BC) nabo bahlala kule ndawo.
AmaSamariya njengeqela lenkolo
AmaSamariya nawo anokuchazwa ngokwenkolo. AmaSamariya ke ngabantu abakhonza uThixo, uYahweh (YHWH). AmaSamariya ahluka ngokwenkolo yawo kumaYuda akhonza uYehova. KumaSamariya, iNtaba yeGerizim yindawo yokuhlonela nokubingelela kuThixo. KumaJuda, leyo yitempile yaseYerusalem, iNtaba yeZiyon.
AmaSamariya athabatha ukuba alandela eyona nyani yobubingeleli babaLevi. KumaSamariya nakumaYuda, iincwadi zokuqala ezintlanu zeBhayibhile ekuthiwa zabhalwa nguMoses zinegunya. AmaJuda ayabamkela abaprofeti kunye nezibhalo njengezinegunya. Ezi zimbini zokugqibela azamkelwa ngamaSamariya. KwiTestamente eNtsha, umbhali uhlala ebhekisa kumaSamariya njengeqela lenkolo.
AmaSamariya eBhayibhileni
Isixeko saseSamariya sifumaneka kwiTestamente eNdala nakwiTestamente eNtsha. KwiTestamente eNtsha, amaSamariya kuthethwa ngawo ngengqondo yomanyano lwenkolo. KwiTestamente eNdala, zimbalwa izinto ezibonisa imvelaphi yamaSamariya.
AmaSamariya kwiTestamente eNdala
Ngokwenkolelo yemveli yamaSamariya, ukwahlukana phakathi kwenkolo yamaSamariya kunye neyamaJuda kwenzeka xa uEli, umbingeleli wasusa indawo engcwele ukuze abingelele ukusuka kwiNtaba yeGerizim ukuya kufutshane naseShekem, eSilo. U-Eli wayengumbingeleli omkhulu ngexesha laBagwebi (1 Samuweli 1: 9-4: 18).
AmaSamariya athi uEli wamisela indawo yokunqula nobubingeleli into eyayingafunwa nguThixo. AmaSamariya acinga ukuba ayamkhonza uThixo kwindawo eyiyo, eyiNtaba yeGerizim, kwaye abambe ububingeleli bokwenyani (Meier, 2000).
Kwi-2 Kumkani 14, kuchazwa kwindinyana 24 ukuba iSamariya iphinde yahlalwa ngabantu ababengengabo abamaYuda kwasekuqaleni. Oku malunga nabantu abavela eBhabheli, eKuta, eAwawa, eHamat naseSefarvaim. Emva kokuba abantu behlaselwe ziingonyama zasendle, urhulumente waseAsiriya wathumela umbingeleli ongumSirayeli kwaSamari ukuba abuyisele unqulo kuThixo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umfundisi omnye ubuyisele unqulo eSamariya kuthathwa njengokungenakwenzeka nguDroeve (1973). Isiko kunye neemfuno zobumsulwa benkolo yamaJuda eneneni zenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba indoda enye ikwenze ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukumkani waseAsiriya wathumela abantu eBhabheli, eKuta, eAwa, eHamat naseSefarvayim kwiidolophu zaseSamariya, apho wabanika indawo yokuhlala endaweni yamaSirayeli. Aba bantu balidla ilifa ilizwe lamaSamariya, baza bahlala apho. Ukuqala kwabo ukuhlala khona babengamhloneli uNdikhoyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto uYehova wazikhulula iingonyama, zabaqwenga zabathile.
Kwathiwa kukumkani waseAsiriya, Iintlanga ozizisileyo kwaSamari ukuba zihlale ezixekweni, aziyazi imithetho ebekwe nguThixo welo lizwe; Ngoku ukhulule iingonyama kuzo ngenxa yokuba abantu abayazi imithetho kaThixo welo lizwe, kwaye sele bebabulele abanye babo.
Ukumkani waseAsiriya wathi makubuyiswe omnye kubabingeleli abakufudusileyo ezweni asuka kulo. Kufuneka ahambe aye kuhlala khona, afundise abantu imithetho kaThixo welo lizwe. Ke ngoko omnye wababingeleli wagxothwa wabuyela eSamariya, wafika wazinza eBheteli, apho wafundisa khona abantu indlela yokunqula uNdikhoyo.
Kodwa zonke ezo ntlanga zaqhubeka nokuzenzela imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yoothixo, ababeka kwikhaya labo elitsha kwiitempile ezakhiwe ngamaSamariya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokubingelela. (2 Kumkani 14: 24-29)
AmaSamariya kwiTestamente eNtsha
Kula abavangeli bane, uMarcus akabhali malunga namaSamariya kwaphela. Kwivangeli kaMateyu, amaSamariya akhankanywa kube kanye kusasazo lwabafundi abalishumi elinambini.
Aba balishumi elinambini bathumela uYesu, wabanika le miyalelo ilandelayo: Musani ukuthatha indlela eya ezintlangeni kwaye ningatyeleli umzi wamaSamariya. Endaweni yokukhangela izimvu ezilahlekileyo zabantu bakwaSirayeli. (UMateyu 10: 5-6)
Le ngxelo kaYesu iyangqinelana nomfanekiso uMateyu awunika uYesu. Ekuvukeni nasekuzukisweni kwaKhe, uYesu ugxila kuphela kubantu abangamaJuda. Kuphela kungokuya kuthi ezinye izizwe zingene emfanekisweni, ngokomyalelo wokuthunywa kuMateyu 26:19.
Kwivangeli kaYohane, uYesu uthetha nomfazi ongumSamariya equleni (Yohane 4: 4-42). Kule ncoko, kubonakaliswa imvelaphi yenkolo yalo mSamariyakazi. Ubonisa uYesu ukuba amaSamariya anqula uThixo kwiNtaba yeGerizim. UYesu uzityhila ekuhleni kuye njengoMesiya. Isiphumo sokudibana kukuba le ntokazi kunye nabemi abaninzi besixeko sayo bayakholelwa kuYesu.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwamaSamariya namaYuda babungebuhle. AmaJuda awadibani namaSamariya (Yohane 4: 9). AmaSamariya ayegqalwa njengangahlambulukanga. Nokuba amathe omSamariya angahlambulukanga ngokwentetho yamaJuda kwiMishnah: UmSamariya ufana nendoda eyabelana ngesondo nomfazi osexesheni (thelekisa iLevitikus 20:18) (Bouwman, 1985).
AmaSamariya kwiindaba ezilungileyo zikaLuka nakwiZenzo
Kwimibhalo kaLuka, igospile kunye neZenzo, amaSamariya aqhelekile. Umzekelo, ibali lomSamariya Olungileyo (uLuka 10: 25-37) kunye nelabantu abalishumi abaneqhenqa, apho kuphela ngumSamariya abuyela ngombulelo kuYesu (Luka 17: 11-19). Kumzekeliso weumSamariya olungileyo,uthotho olwehlayo ekuqaleni lwaluza kuba ngumfundisi ongumLevi.
Inyaniso yokuba kwivangeli uYesu uthetha ngombingeleli-umLevi-umSamariya kwaye ingumSamariya kanye owenza okulungileyo, uyamthandazela kwaye ngenxa yoko nabemi baseSamariya.
KwiZenzo 8: 1-25, uLuka uchaza uthumo phakathi kwamaSamariya. UFilipu ngumpostile ozisa iindaba ezilungileyo zeendaba ezilungileyo zikaYesu kumaSamariya. Kamva uPetros noYohane nabo baya eSamariya. Bathandazela amaKristu amaSamariya, emva koko bafumana uMoya oyiNgcwele.
Ngokwabafundi beBhayibhile (uBouwman, Meier), amaSamariya achazwe kakuhle kwivangeli kaLuka nakwiZenzo, kuba kwabakho ungquzulwano kwibandla lokuqala lamaKristu uLuka abhalela lona. Ngenxa yeentetho ezilungileyo zikaYesu malunga namaSamariya, uLuka wayeza kuzama ukukhuthaza ukwamkelana phakathi kwamaKristu angamaYuda namaSamariya.
Into yokuba uYesu uthetha kakuhle ngamaSamariya ibonakala kwisimangalo asifumana kumaYuda. Babecinga ukuba uYesu ngokwakhe uza kuba ngumSamariya. Bakhala kuYesu, besithi, Kukhe kwenzeke na sithi, SingumSamariya thina? Andinandimoni, watsho uYesu. Uyathula malunga nokuba kungenzeka ukuba abe ngumSamariya. (UYohane 8: 48-49).
Imithombo kunye nezalathiso
- IDoeve, JW (1973). UbuYuda basePalestine phakathi ko-500 BC ukuya ku-70 AD. Ukusuka ekuthinjweni ukuya kuAgripa. Utrecht.
- UMeier, JP (2000). Imbali kaYesu namaSamariya asembalini: Kunokuthiwani? Iibhayibhile 81, 202-232.
- UBouwman, G. (1985). Indlela yelizwi. Ilizwi lendlela. Ukudalwa kwecawe encinci. Baarn: Abalishumi banayo.
- INguqulelo Entsha YeBhayibhile
Iziqulatho
- AmaSamariya
- AmaSamariya njengabahlali bommandla othile
- AmaSamariya njengohlanga
- AmaSamariya njengeqela lenkolo
- AmaSamariya eBhayibhileni
- AmaSamariya kwiTestamente eNdala
- AmaSamariya kwiTestamente eNtsha
- AmaSamariya kwiindaba ezilungileyo zikaLuka nakwiZenzo
- Imithombo kunye nezalathiso
- Iivesi ezili-10 zeBhayibhile malunga nexesha elifanelekileyo likaThixo
- Izishumi kunye neMibhalo eNtsha kwiTestamente eNtsha
- IVESI YEBHAYIBHILE YOBUDLELWANE BOKUPHULUKA KWENTLIZIYO
- Iivesi ezingama-30 zeBhayibhile zeentliziyo ezaphukileyo
- Kutheni le nto ii-unicorn zikhankanywa eBhayibhileni?
- Iivesi ezingama-20 zeBhayibhile malunga nokuqalekisa nokufunga